Abstract
In Thermal power plant, Automatic Generation Control (AGC)is a system for adjusting the output power of multiple generators at different power plants, in response to load changes. Since a power grid requires load generation and closely balancing load moment by moment, frequent adjustments to the output of generators are mandatory. The balance can be predicted by measuring the system frequency; if it is rises, more power is being generated than used, which causes all the machines in the system to rise and accelerate. If the frequency of the system is decreasing, more supply of load is on the system than the instantaneous generation can provide, which causes all generators to slow down Load following power plants run during the day hours and early evening. They either shut down or greatly minimize the output during the night and early morning, when the demand for electricity is the lowest. The exact hours of operation depend on various factors. One of the most necessary factors for a particular plant is how efficiently it can convert fuel into electricity. The most efficient plants, which are almost invariably the less cost to run per kilowatt-hour produced, are brought online first. As demand increases, the next most efficient plants are brought on line and so on. The status of the electrical power grid in that particular region, especially how much is the capacity of base load generation. It has, and the variation in demand is also very crucial. An additional factor for operational variability is that excess demand does not deviate just between night and day. There are also significant variations in the time of year and day of the week. A region that has large variations in demand will require a huge load following or peaking power plant capacity because base load power plants can only cover the capacity equal to that needed during times of lowest demand. Keywords: Blocking Control, Fuzzy Logic and Steam Governor, Smart Controller
Highlights
Thermal power generating plant or thermal power station is the most available source of electric power
Thermal power plant is referred as coal thermal power plant and steam turbine power plant
A thermal power station is a power plant in which heat energy is converted to electric power
Summary
Thermal power generating plant or thermal power station is the most available source of electric power. Water is made to heat; steam is formed and spins steam governor which drives an electrical generator After it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated; this process known as a Rankin cycle. In coal thermal power plant, the steam is produced in high pressure in the steam boiler due to fuel burning (pulverized coal) in boiler furnaces. This steam is further supper heated in a super heater. The steam obtained is used to drive the steam Turbines This turbine is coupled to synchronous generator (usually three phase synchronous alternator), which produces electrical energy. The principle advantages of condensing operation are the increased amount of energy extracted per kg of steam and thereby efficiency increases and the condensate which is fed into the boiler again lowers the amount of fresh feed water
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