Design of earthen vegetated open channels

Abstract

Modified formulas for Manning's equation are developed for use in the design of earthen open channels with submerged aquatic weeds. The proposed relations have their basis in field and experimental data. A multiple regression analysis was used to develop a relationship between the mean velocity, hydraulic radius, and water surface slope. The new formulas are dependent on the distribution of weeds along the channel's wetted perimeter and the percentage of vegetation density with respect to the cross-section area of the waterway.