Design of Dual Band 5G Antenna Array with SAR Analysis for Future Mobile Handsets

Abstract

This paper presents the design and specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis of the dual band antenna array for the future fifth generation (5G) mobile communication. The proposed antenna array operates in the Ka-band, at 28 and 38 GHz frequency bands. Roggers-5880 is used as a substrate having relative permittivity, thickness and loss tangent of 2.2, 0.254 mm and 0.0009 respectively in the proposed antenna array design. The main lobe gain of the single element 5G antenna is 7.71 and 7.73 dB at 28 and 38 GHz resonance frequencies correspondingly. As the gain requirement for 5G mobile communication system is 12 dB, thus 2 × 2 and 1 × 4 antenna arrays are designed to achieve the desired gain. The 2 × 2 antenna array yields a bore side gain of 12.3 and 15 dB, while 1 × 4 antenna array gives a bore side gain of 12.5 and 12.1 dB at 28 at 38 GHz frequency bands correspondingly. The dual band antenna (single element, antenna arrays) matched with a VSWR < 1.16 in the two frequency bands. All the simulations are carried out using computer simulation technology software. The SAR analysis averaged over 10 g of tissue of the proposed dual band 2 × 2 antenna array has been carried out on the head of human body using X-finite difference time domain electromagnetic simulation software, giving a safer limit of 0.37 and 1.34 W/kg < 2 W/kg according to the European IEC Standard at 28 and 38 GHz frequency bands correspondingly. The proposed antenna array is a suitable contender for the future 5G mobile handheld devices.