Abstract
This paper aims to design thermal dummy cells (TDCs) that can be used in the development of lithium-ion battery thermal management systems. Based on physical property and geometry of real 18,650 cylindrical cells, a three-dimensional model of TDCs was designed, and it is used to numerically simulate the thermal performance of TDCs. Simulations show that the TDC can mimic the temperature change on the surface of a real cell both at static and dynamic current load. Experimental results show that the rate of heating resistance of TDC is less than 0.43% for temperatures between 27.5 °C and 90.5 °C. Powered by a two-step voltage source of 12 V, the temperature difference of TDCs is 1 °C and 1.6 °C along the circumference and the axial directions, respectively. Powered by a constant voltage source of 6 V, the temperature rising rates on the surface and in the core are higher than 1.9 °C/min. Afterwards, the proposed TDC was used to simulate a real cell for investigating its thermal performance under the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), and the same tests were conducted using real cells. The test indicates that the TDC surface temperature matches well with that of the real battery during the NEDC test, while the temperature rise of TDC exceeds that of the real battery during the suburban cycle. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of using TDCs to replace real cells, which can greatly improve safety and efficiency for the development of lithium-ion battery thermal management systems.
Highlights
In recent years, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in the fields of transportation, power systems, and construction machinery
This paper aims to design a prototype of thermal dummy cells (TDCs) according to the geometric size and the structural characteristics of 18,650 cylindrical cells, and demonstrate that the TDC can effectively simulate the thermal characteristics of the real cell both in the numerical simulation and experiments
This paper aims to design a prototype of TDC according to the geometric siz the structural characteristics of 18,650 cylindrical cells, and demonstrate that the TD effectively simulate the thermal characteristics of the real cell both in t3hoef 1n6umerical lation and experiments
Summary
Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in the fields of transportation, power systems, and construction machinery. Lithium-ion batteries inevitably produce joule heat and chemical reaction heat during charging and discharging. Battery thermal management is essential for battery energy efficiency, safety, and service life [3]. Real battery packs are widely used to verify the design of the thermal management system, which leads to the following disadvantages: 1. Since the battery is designed as an energy storage element, most of the electric energy required by the experiment is stored in the battery or consumed by the load. A small fraction of the electric energy is converted to heat, wasting energy during the experiments of thermal management systems
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