Design of culture substrates for large-scale expansion of neural stem cells

Abstract

Neural stem cells (NSCs) have been frequently used to investigate in vitro the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the development of the central nervous system (CNS). In addition, NSCs are regarded as one of the potential sources for the cell replacement therapy of CNS disorders. Most of these studies have utilized NSCs prepared by neurosphere culture. However, this method normally yields a heterogeneous population containing differentiated neural cells as well as NSCs. In addition, the rate of cell expansion is not high enough for obtaining a large quantity of NSCs in a short period. Here we report the design of culture substrates that allow highly selective and rapid expansion of NSCs. We synthesize epidermal growth factor fused with a hexahistidine sequence (EGF-His) and a polystyrene-binding peptide (EGF-PSt), and these engineered growth factors were surface-anchored to a nickel-chelated glass plate and a polystyrene dish, respectively. The EGF-His-chelated glass substrate was further used to assemble a culture module. Neurosphere-forming cells prepared from the fetal rat striatum were used to examine the selective expansion of NSCs using the EGF-His-chelated module and the EGF-PSt-bound polystyrene dish. Our results show that the culture module enables to selectively expand NSCs in a closed system more efficiently than the standard neurosphere culture. The EGF-PSt-bound polystyrene dish also permits efficient expansion of NSCs, providing a straightforward means to acquire a large quantity of pure NSCs in standard laboratories.