Design of Circularly Polarized On-Chip Slot Antenna with Enhanced Gain Using Micromachining

Abstract

In this chapter, a circularly polarized on-chip antenna (OCA) is designed on a low resistivity silicon (Si) wafer by considering standard CMOS technology. The lossy electrical properties of Si are not suitable for the design of OCA and responsible for its gain reduction. The proposed OCA achieved the significant gain enhancement of +22.15 dB by using micromachining technique. The OCA resonates at 1.26 GHz and covers complete L-band. The size of OCA is miniaturized up to \( \lambda _{0} \)/15.8 \( \times \) \(\lambda _{0} \)/23.8 mm\( ^{2} \) by using two double diamond shaped symmetrical slots on the patch. These slots not only miniaturized the antenna size but also provided the circular polarization for the OCA. The OCA shows a bandwidth (BW) of 1.7 GHz (BW < 10 dB) and axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 4.3% (AR < 3 dB) from 1.23–1.30 GHz range. All the simulated results and corresponding figures have been thoroughly explained in various sections of this chapter.