Design of Chipless RFID Tag by Using Miniaturized Open-Loop Resonators

Abstract

In this paper, an open-loop resonator with fragment-loading structure is used for the first time in the design of radar cross section-based chipless radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag. By optimizing the distribution of fragment patches in an open loop, a microstrip open-loop resonator can be miniaturized so that the data capacity of the chipless RFID tag designed using such a miniaturized loop resonator can be significantly increased. Moreover, the resonant frequency of the fragment-loaded resonator can be adjusted conveniently by removing or disconnecting some fragment patches, which provides great flexibility for data encoding of the chipless RFID tag. The proposed chipless RFID tag with miniaturized open-loop resonators is designed and tested and can acquire 3.56 bits per resonator and a coding density of approximately $745.1~\text {bits}/\lambda _{g}^{2}$ . Several experimental results validate the proposed design as well as its implementation in a realistic environment.