Abstract
In this research, an all-optical NOR gate is designed and simulated based on two-dimensional photonic crystals. A square lattice has been used to design this structure. This logic gate has two main inputs, a bias input, and an output. Because the output of the NOR gate must be “1” for zero inputs, a bias input is required. One of the characteristics of this structure is its small size for use in optical integrated circuits. Also, in order to reduce the detection error in the output, it has been tried that the outputs have a suitable difference in two “0” and “1” logical states. The use of a small number and simple point defects makes the design of this gate easier. The simulation results show that the proposed structure is suitable for working at a wavelength of 1.55 µm. Also, the amount of optical power at the output is high in the “1” logical mode and low in the “0” logical mode. In the proposed gate, the normalized output power in low logic mode is reduced to 0.05 by changing the defect rods.
Highlights
Photonic crystals are alternating structures of dielectric material whose refractive index changes alternately in one, two, or three dimensions
A photonic crystal structure is proposed to realize the NOR logic gate, which is small in size and uses simple linear and point defects
An all-optical NOR logic gate is designed based on two-dimensional photon crystals with a square lattice
Summary
Photonic crystals are alternating structures of dielectric material whose refractive index changes alternately in one, two, or three dimensions. The PBG property is used to design a variety of optical devices and logic gates [1–3]. The simplicity of the designed gates, high speed, and small dimensions are important features of photonic crystals. One of the important goals of photonic crystals is to design all-optical processors that, in addition to their small size, dramatically increase the speed of information processing. More distance between the output power values in the two modes of logic “1” and “0” is one of the design goals. We have tried to design an all-optical NOR gate based on photonic crystals that has a distance between the power values of “0” and “1” logic states, and has small dimensions.
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