Design of an internal distraction device for maxillary advancement in cleft-lip-palate patients

Abstract

IntroductionCleft lip and palate (CLP) is the most frequent craniofacial defect. (1:1000 newborns). CLP patients present severe maxillary retrusion that require a surgical procedure to advance their maxilla. Distraction osteogenesis is an effective treatment; however available internal maxillary distraction devices present inconveniences. ObjectiveTo design a biocompatible, inexpensive and mechanically efficient prototype of an internal maxillary distraction device. This device should be easy to place and comfortable for the patient. MethodComputed tomography (CT) data of an adult CLP patient was obtained. DICOM files were processed and a stereolitographic (STL) model was printed. Computer aided design (CAD) software was used to design the device and to perform a finite element analysis (FEA) to evaluate the mechanical behavior of the appliance. Finally a prototype was manufactured by a computer aided manufacturing (CAM) process and tested on the STL model. ResultsThis prototype complied with our requirements for an efficient internal maxillary distraction device. ConclusionsThe integration of clinical knowledge with novel technology (CT, STL, CAD, FEA, and CAM) is very useful for the development of medical or dental appliances.