Abstract
We report on a novel endomicroscope, to the best of our knowledge, designed for achieving full 4×4 Mueller polarimetric images of biological tissues through a fiber endoscope for medical diagnosis. The polarimetric technique is based on a previously published two-wavelength differential method (TWDM). A key component of the endomicroscope is a resonant fiber-based microprobe including a highly-selective fiber Bragg grating (FBG), free of detrimental polarimetric effects, photo written in the core of the fiber, near the output face. By means of the TWDM, and using the specially designed microprobe (diameter 2.9 mm, length 30 mm), full Mueller images of 250×250 pixels were produced at the rate of 1 image/2 s through a 2 m single mode fiber, paving the way to in vivo applications in polarimetric endomicroscopy.
Highlights
Among the 100,000 known proteins, collagen proteins are by far the most abundant in the animal kingdom
We report on an endomicroscope including a novel microprobe specially designed for addressing all these issues while remaining compatible with the implementation of the twowavelength differential method (TWDM), i.e. involving two close wavelengths, one being reflected in the fiber and the other being transmitted towards the sample
We reported on a novel endomicroscope designed for implementing the two wavelength differential method (TWDM) which has been previously demonstrated to be able to achieve full 4 × 4 Mueller images through a fiber endoscope that could potentially be used for in vivo polarimetric characterization of inner tissues
Summary
Among the 100,000 known proteins, collagen proteins are by far the most abundant in the animal kingdom. - (ii) the scanner must ensure a thoroughly reproducible path of the beam on the sample for each of the 16 successive scans, in order to guarantee that all the 16 measured intensities used for calculating the Mueller matrix of a given pixel correspond to light reflected by exactly the same and single pixel;. For polarimetric imaging with the TWDM, a miniaturized dichroic mirror fixed at the output for reflecting the wavelength λ1 into the incoming core and for transmitting the wavelength λ2 must be implemented This so-called bundle of fibers consists of a large number of non-coupled light guiding elements (from 1500 to 100,000 typically) which preserve the spatial relationship between the entrance and the output. Fabrication and characterization of the FBG to be written at the output of the endoscopic fiber
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