Design of an Electrochemical Sensor for the Determination of Riboflavin using Cobalt Doped Dysprosium Oxide Nanocubes Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Abstract

AbstractThis study explains the synthesis of cobalt‐doped dysprosium oxide nanocubes (Co‐Dy2O3 NCs) and the modification of GCE (glassy carbon electrode), for the selective and sensitive detection of riboflavin (RF). The Co‐Dy2O3 NCs were synthesized by co‐precipitation method and characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques like micro‐Raman Spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT‐IR), High‐Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Energy‐Dispersive X‐ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and High Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy (HRSEM). The synthesized Co‐Dy2O3 NCs were coated on the glassy carbon electrode to detect and quantify the concentration of riboflavin in aqueous and real samples. The samples were analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques with three‐electrode system. The modified electrode displays two linear concentration ranges (0.5–50, 50–300 μM) with a low detection limit (LOD) of 0.094 μM and high sensitivity of 3.67 μA μM−1 cm−2. Besides, the fabricated sensor has more selectivity, great reproducibility, repeatability and good stability. Finally, the Co‐Dy2O3 NCs modified GCE based sensor was effectively applied in real sample analysis using milk and egg yolk with good recovery.