Abstract
In this paper, we design and implement a portable potentiostat by using dual-microprocessors for the signal processing of electrochemical biosensors. In our design approach, one of the microprocessors is used to design the programmable waveform generator, and the other microprocessor is used to measure the current of biosensors. The proposed potentiostat can perform general electrochemical analysis functions, including cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, amperometry, and potentiometry. In the experiment, we adopt a commercial screen printed electrode immersed in potassium ferricyanide solution to test the performance of the proposed potentiostat and compare the proposed potentiostat's measured results with a commercial potentiostat's (CH Instrument Model: CHI1221) under the same test condition. The experimental results show that the proposed potentiostat has the merits of good accuracy, low cost, low power consumption, and high portability.
Highlights
Electrochemical biosensors, which can detect the particular target biomolecule to make a corresponding output change in the form of potential or current according to the biomolecule concentration, are commonly applied in DNA identification [1] and pH variation detection [2]
We adopt a commercial screen printed electrode as a blank biosensor to be immersed in potassium ferricyanide solution to test the performance of the proposed potentiostat and compare the measured results with a commercial potentiostat’s (CHI1221) under the same test condition
In addition to the demonstration of the function of cyclic voltammetry, Fig. 8 shows the comparison results of differential pulse voltammetry, where the scan voltage is from -0.4 V to 1 V, the pulse amplitude, pulse width, and pulse period are 50 mV, 50 ms, and 200 ms, respectively
Summary
Electrochemical biosensors, which can detect the particular target biomolecule to make a corresponding output change in the form of potential or current according to the biomolecule concentration, are commonly applied in DNA identification [1] and pH variation detection [2]. Two sorts of potentiostats have been frequently used: one is the commercial potentiostat designed for research in laboratory, and the other is the specific potentiostat developed for a particular sensor. The former is sophisticated, expensive, and non-portable, and the latter is simple, low-cost, and portable. Turner presented a basic CMOS integrated potentiostat [4], Kakerow presented a monolithic potentiostat [5], Bandyopadhyay proposed a multi-channel potentiostat designed in chip-type to reduce the size and the cost [6], and Huang proposed an integrated circuits (ICs) for monolithic implementation of a voltammetery potentiostat with a large dynamic current range (5 nA to 1.2 mA) and short conversion time (10 ms) [7]. Huang proposed two portable potentiostats to mimic the commercial potentiostat’s function to reduce the cost, using SOC based microprocessor and circuit components off the shelf to implement potentiostats on PCB [8,9]
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