Design of a polymeric composite material femoral stem for hip joint implant

Romeu Rony Cavalcante Da Costa,André Ferreira Costa Vieira,Fellipe Roberto Biagi De Almeida,Amanda Albertin Xavier Da Silva,Sandra Mara Domiciano

doi:10.1590/0104-1428.02119

Romeu Rony Cavalcante Da Costa, André Ferreira Costa Vieira + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1428.02119

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Abstract

Abstract Hip joint prosthesis are structural components that still have some challenging problems such as the interaction of physical and biological properties between the stem and the human femur. Composite materials allow to obtain high strength structures with a large variety of modulus of elasticity and favorable characteristics in the context of orthopedic implants. Therefore, the objective of this work was the development of a prosthesis model with biopolymeric matrix, namely the polyurethane (PU) derived from castor oil, reinforced with fiberglass. The implants were made of pure PU, PU with fiberglass, and PU with glass fiber and calcium carbonate. The reinforcement was constructed in the form of a core to be inserted into the hip prosthesis. The core and stem prototypes were produced using three-dimensional printing techniques, and subsequently used in the manufacture of flexible silicone molds. The results showed good mechanical potentialities of this material for orthopedics applications.

Highlights

Fiber reinforced composites have been used in many the Young’s modulus and strength close to that of the cortical industrial applications such as, aerospace, automotive, and bone is the goal to be achieved[6].military, due to advantageous mechanical properties when compared to metallic materials, namely specific strength and stiffness[1,2]
One of the segments that are considering the advantages of composite materials is the bioengineering, in the development of joint prosthesis
This work aims to present the design and the fabrication methodology of a femoral stem built in polymeric composite material reinforced with fiberglass and calcium carbonate, to get the approximated value of the theoretical elasticity’s module of the stem’s core calculated according to the rule of mixture

Summary

Introduction

Fiber reinforced composites have been used in many the Young’s modulus and strength close to that of the cortical industrial applications such as, aerospace, automotive, and bone is the goal to be achieved[6]. Military, due to advantageous mechanical properties when compared to metallic materials, namely specific strength and stiffness[1,2]. One of the segments that are considering the advantages of composite materials is the bioengineering, in the development of joint prosthesis. The composite materials allow the achievement of high strength structures with a wide range of elasticity modulus, which seems benefit from the standpoint of an orthopedic implant[4]. Prostheses made of metallic materials presents some disadvantages regarding biocompatibility issues and discrepancy of stiffness compared to the human bone. The Young modulus of some special titanium alloys used in orthopedics components vary between 60 and 80 GPa[5]

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Conclusion