Abstract
In this paper, we propose a reconfigurable metasurface antenna for beam switching applications. The reconfigurable metasurface is formed by uniformly distributed double-split square rings loaded with positive-intrinsic-negative (PIN) diodes for dual operations of a wave reflector and a wave director. Specifically, when the PIN diodes are forward biased, an epsilon-negative (ENG) metasurface is realized which reflects all incident waves with appropriate polarization; when the diodes are reverse biased, at the same operating frequency, a mu-near-zero (MNZ) metasurface is acquired which directs wave propagation. For excitation, a dipole radiator loaded with the same type of PIN diode is designed. Simulation and measurement results show good agreement and verify the beam switching functionality of the proposed metasurface antenna.
Highlights
Recent advances in metamaterial and metasurface technologies have brought unprecedented opportunities in the realization of novel and practical electromagnetic structures and devices
It is well known that most metasurfaces are formed by resonant structures such as split-ring resonators (SRRs)
Two 9-volt parallel-connected batteries are used to bias the PIN diodes on the metasurface, and a bias tee is used to combine the radio frequency (RF) signal and direct current (DC) bias voltage for feeding the dipole radiator
Summary
Recent advances in metamaterial and metasurface technologies have brought unprecedented opportunities in the realization of novel and practical electromagnetic structures and devices. When the PIN diode is forward biased, at the frequency of interest, the metasurface acquires the properties of epsilon-negative (ENG) materials which forbid wave propagation and reflect all incident waves with appropriate polarization; when the diode is in its reverse-biased state, the metasurface obtains properties of mu-near-zero (MNZ) materials which direct wave propagation [29,30,31,32]. In contrast to our previous work on the realization of contrary beams at different frequencies [33], the PIN diode-based metasurface proposed in this paper allows to generate antenna beams in opposite directions at the same operating frequency
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