Abstract
All the time, echinococcosis is a global zoonotic disease which seriously endangers public health all over the world. In order to speed up the development process of anti-Echinococcus granulosus vaccine, at the same time, it can also save economic cost. In this study, immunoinformatics tools and molecular docking methods were used to predict and screen the antigen epitopes of Echinococcus granulosus, to design a multi-epitope vaccine containing B- and T-cell epitopes. The multi-epitope vaccine could activate B lymphocytes to produce specific antibodies theoretically, which could protect the human body against Echinococcus granulosus infection. It also could activate T lymphocytes and clear the infected parasites in the body. In this study, four CD8+ T-cell epitopes, three CD4+ T-cell epitopes and four B-cell epitopes of Protein EgTeg were identified by immunoinformatics methods. Meanwhile, three CD8+ T-cell epitopes, two CD4+ T-cell epitopes and four B-cell epitopes of Protein EgFABP1 were identified. We constructed the multi-epitope vaccine using linker proteins. The study based on the traditional methods of antigen epitope prediction, further optimized the prediction results combined with molecular docking technology and improved the precision and accuracy of the results. Finally, in vivo and in vitro experiments had verified that the vaccine designed in this study had good antigenicity and immunogenicity.
Highlights
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) or cystic hydatid disease (CHD) is a worldwide spread zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of the Echinococcus granulosus (E. g) tapeworm
Aliphatic index was 79.71 and Grand average of hydropathicity (GRAVY) was −0.309, so EgFABP1 belonged to hydrophilic protein
Using the techniques and methods of immunoinformatics to design novel multi-epitope vaccine that composed of several single proteins has become a new approach to elicit a protective immune response [23, 24]
Summary
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) or cystic hydatid disease (CHD) is a worldwide spread zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of the Echinococcus granulosus (E. g) tapeworm. The World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) listed it as the class B. Designing E. granulosus Vaccine in Immunoinformatics animal epidemic and the World Health Organization (WHO) listed it as one of the 17 diseases to be controlled or eliminated in 2050, so it can be seen that echinococcosis has become a serious social problem which endangering public health [2]. The first Chinese epidemiological survey of CE indicated that the prevalence range of disease is wide, the self-protection awareness of the crowd is poor, the propaganda and control power of disease is weak and the number of infected persons and the burden of social treatment ranked firstly in the world for China [3, 4]. Traditional vaccine development is a costly and time-consuming procedure, for CE with the complex life cycle
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