Abstract
In this paper, the feasibility of utilizing the microwave hologram to realize the high-gain radiation with polarization agility performance is investigated, and an effective method to design the polarization-reconfigurable holographic antenna is presented. By utilizing a polarization-insensitive hologram as the leaky-wave radiating structure and an appropriately designed, embedded, polarization-reconfigurable feeding launcher to control the polarization state of the radiating leaky waves, a polarization-reconfigurable holographic antenna with broadside radiation and linearly polarized (LP), right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP), and left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP) polarization diversity is successfully achieved. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed antenna exhibits pencil beams with aperture efficiency up to 28.3% for the three polarization states. Meanwhile, the stable gain performance with peak gain above 17.5 dBi and gain fluctuation less than 1.7 dB is obtained for the three reconfigurable polarization states. For verification, a prototype was fabricated and tested to validate the proposed design concept. Moreover, the working mechanism is investigated.
Highlights
Holographic antennas are a kind of leaky-wave antennas, which are created using the interference pattern, i.e., hologram, between the expected bound surface wave and the desired outgoing field
We propose a polarization-reconfigurable holographic antenna, which could switch its polarization state between linear polarization (LP), right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) and left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP) by utilizing four PIN diodes
Since the polarization-insensitive hologram is capable of maintaining the polarization states of the excited waves, which are determined by the feeding launcher
Summary
Holographic antennas are a kind of leaky-wave antennas, which are created using the interference pattern, i.e., hologram, between the expected bound surface wave and the desired outgoing field. We propose a polarization-reconfigurable holographic antenna, which could switch its polarization state between LP, RHCP and LHCP by utilizing four PIN diodes. In contrast to array-type polarization-reconfigurable antennas, the proposed antenna can reconfigure three polarization states with high directivity by switching only four PIN diodes, which are loaded on the embedded feeding launcher, and the biasing issues and processing complexity are dramatically reduced. The Layer is developed from the polarization-insensitive hologram that is shown in Fig. 3 by integrating the PIN loaded polarization-reconfigurable feeding launcher. Based on the specific hologram configuration with loop-wire cells arranged in square lattice, a properly designed, 50 SMA fed, cross-dipole-type feeding launcher is integrated on Layer, as is depicted in Fig. 5 (a). In details, when the four PIN diodes operate in the OFF state, the holographic antenna exhibits LP radiation with polarization parallel to the φ = 135◦ direction.
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