Abstract
Citrus is one of the most important agricultural crop in Florida. Heavy reliance onagricultural chemicals and low fertilizer efficiencies have raised environmental and economicconcerns. In this study, a system to sense nitrogen levels in a single citrus leaf was developed.Based on chlorophyll and protein spectral absorption bands, the sensing systems wavelengthranges were chosen to be 620-950 nm and 1400-2450 nm. A reflectance housing was designed toblock environmental noise and to ensure single leaf measurement. A halogen light source, twodetector arrays, linear variable filters and a data acquisition board with a 16-bit ADC were used. Thedesigned system had no moving parts, so it would be robust and resistant to vibration. The spectralresolution was less than 30 nm. The test results also showed that the sensing system had goodsignal-to-noise ratio and linearity. The visible (VIS) detector had linearity (r >0.99), and the nearinfrared (NIR) detector also had linearity (r>0.999). The stability of the VIS detector was within0.1%, and the stability of the NIR detector was within 0.5%.
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