Abstract
Integrating light field microscopy techniques with existing miniscope architectures has allowed for volumetric imaging of targeted brain regions in freely moving animals. However, the current design of light field miniscopes is limited by non-uniform resolution and long imaging path length. In an effort to overcome these limitations, this paper proposes an optimized Galilean-mode light field miniscope (Gali-MiniLFM), which achieves a more consistent resolution and a significantly shorter imaging path than its conventional counterparts. In addition, this paper provides a novel framework that incorporates the anticipated aberrations of the proposed Gali-MiniLFM into the point spread function (PSF) modeling. This more accurate PSF model can then be used in 3D reconstruction algorithms to further improve the resolution of the platform. Volumetric imaging in the brain necessitates the consideration of the effects of scattering. We conduct Monte Carlo simulations to demonstrate the robustness of the proposed Gali-MiniLFM for volumetric imaging in scattering tissue.
Highlights
Miniaturized head-mounted fluorescence microscopes, i.e. miniscopes [1], are an emerging technology in visualizing neural activities within targeted brain regions, since they enable the interrogation of in vivo, fluorescently labeled neurons in freely behaving animals
While these initial projects improved the functionality of the epifluorescent miniscope, other designs chose to maximize the amount of data collected during experiments
Our method, which adopts a highly efficient Fast Fourier Transform in Zemax followed by efficient wave-optical model calculations in Matlab, took only 12s to obtain one on-axis point spread function (PSF) shown in Fig. 7(b3), and only additional 2s to obtain all off-axis PSFs
Summary
Miniaturized head-mounted fluorescence microscopes, i.e. miniscopes [1], are an emerging technology in visualizing neural activities within targeted brain regions, since they enable the interrogation of in vivo, fluorescently labeled neurons in freely behaving animals. Most miniscopes utilize the one-photon wide-field epifluorescence geometry, in which the critical component is an miniaturizable GRadient INdex (GRIN) objective lens used to satisfy the size and weight restrictions implicit in animal experiments (Fig. 1(a)) The effectiveness of this design was originally demonstrated in the pioneering work done by Schnitzer laboratory [2] and the open-source UCLA Miniscope [5]. The utility of both the table-top LFM and MiniLFM have been demonstrated for localizing neuronal activities in 3D without any moving parts [24,25].
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