DESIGN OF A FULLY DIGITAL CONTROLLED RECONFIGURABLE SWITCHED BEAM CONCENTRIC RING ARRAY ANTENNA USING FIREFLY AND PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM

Abstract

Reconflgurable antenna arrays are often capable of radiating multiple patterns by modifying the excitation phases of the elements. In this paper a method based on Fire∞y Algorithm (FA) has been proposed to obtain dual radiation pattern from a concentric ring array of isotropic elements, by flnding out two difierent combinations of states for the switches, which are assumed to be connected with the rings of the array, along with optimum set of 4-bit radial amplitude and 5-bit radial phase distributions of the array elements for the speciflc switch combinations. The optimum excitations of the array elements in terms of discrete amplitudes and discrete phase, and the difierent switch combinations for the speciflc excitations are computed using Fire∞y Algorithm. To illustrate the efiectiveness of Fire∞y Algorithm, the two beam pairs have been computed by the same procedure from the same array, using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, without changing their design criteria. Results clearly show the superiority of the Fire∞y Algorithm over Particle Swarm Optimization to handle the proposed problem.