Design of a dual-band multilayer antenna and its equivalent circuit modeling with vector-fitting and genetic algorithm

Abstract

Design of dual-band and multi-band printed antennas have attracted the attention of researchers worldwide in the last two decades. Most of the time, the antenna exhibits almost the similar radiation patterns at both of its resonant frequencies. In this paper, a dual-band, dual-pattern antenna is presented. The antenna has an omnidirectional radiation pattern at the 2.4 GHz ISM band and a directional radiation pattern between 3.5 GHz to 4.2 GHz. The designed antenna is studied with an analytical equivalent circuit model. The circuit parameters are estimated with a vector fitting method and with the genetic algorithm. The behavior of the antenna is explained with the equivalent circuit model. The designed antenna is fabricated and measurement results are found to be in agreement with the simulation results. The proposed antenna has possible applications in 5G and IoT implementations.