Abstract
Spray painting robots equipped with air spray guns have been widely used in the painting industry. In view of the low efficiency of single-nozzle air spray guns when spraying large targets, a new double-nozzle air spray gun structure was designed in this paper based on the Coanda effect of double jets. Firstly, a 3-D physical model of the double-nozzle air spray gun was built in Solidworks, in which unstructured grids were generated for the computational domain by ICEM. Secondly, the spray painting process was numerically modeled with the help of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software ANSYS-Fluent 16.0. The two-phase spray flow was calculated by coupling a discrete phase model (DPM) and the Taylor analogy breakup (TAB) method. The TAB model was applied to predict the secondary break-up. The DPM model was applied to predict the droplet trajectories. The geometry of an air spray gun has a significant influence on the spray flow field characteristics. The influence of the air spray gun geometry on the interference spray flow field characteristics and coating film thickness distribution were investigated by changing the values of the distance between the centers of the two paint holes (L) and the angle between the axes of the two paint holes (θ). Numerical results show that the smaller L and θ are, the stronger the interference effect between the two jets, while the more concentrated the paint is in the central region of the target surface, the easier it is for overspray to occur. With increasing L and θ, the interference effect gradually decreased and the extension distance of the coating film along the x-axis gradually increased. However, if L and θ are too large, the interference effect will become too weak and the shape of the coating film will become a concave, with more paint on both side regions and less paint in the central region, which will cause an uneven coating film. From the simulation results, it can be concluded that a more uniform coating film can be obtained when L = 30 mm and θ = 10°. The effective coating width of the double-nozzle air spray gun was increased by 85.7% compared with the single-nozzle air spray gun, which improved the spraying efficiency.
Highlights
In order to obtain high-quality coatings, painting robots with air spray guns have been widely used in the painting industry, with applications in the automobile, ship, airplane, furniture, and many other industries [1,2,3]
The influence of the air spray gun geometry on the interference spray flow field characteristics and coating film thickness distribution were investigated by changing the values of the distance between the centers of the two paint holes (L) and the angle between the axes of the two paint holes (θ)
Numerical results show that the smaller L and θ are, the stronger the interference effect between the two jets, while the more concentrated the paint is in the central region of the target surface, the easier it is for overspray to occur
Summary
In order to obtain high-quality coatings, painting robots with air spray guns have been widely used in the painting industry, with applications in the automobile, ship, airplane, furniture, and many other industries [1,2,3]. Air spray guns have attracted wide attention due to their good atomization performance. The establishment of coating deposition models and the planning of spray gun trajectories are still difficult problems to be solved. Inappropriate coating deposition models and spray gun trajectories would lead to bad uniformity of the coating film, and poor quality products [4]. Low spraying efficiency occurs when a spraying robot is used for large targets.
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