Abstract
Electric power systems are among the greatest achievements of the last century. Today, important issues, such as an ever-increasing demand, the flexible and reliable integration of distributed generation or a growth in disturbing loads, must be borne in mind. In this context, smart grids play a key role, allowing better efficiency of power systems. Power electronics provides solutions to the aforementioned matters, since it allows various energy sources to be integrated into smart grids. Nevertheless, the design of the various control schemes that are necessary for the correct operation of the power-electronic interface is a very important issue that must always be taken into consideration. This paper deals with the design of the control system of a distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) based on flying-capacitor multilevel converters. The control system is tailored to compensate for both voltage sags by means of reactive-power injection and voltage imbalances caused by unbalanced loads. The design of the overall control is carried out by using the root-locus and frequency-response techniques, improving both the transient response and the steady-state error of the closed-loop system. Simulation results obtained using PSCADTM/EMTDCTM (Manitoba Hydro International Ltd., Commerce Drive, Winnipeg, MB, Canada) show the resultant voltage regulation.
Highlights
Over the past century, electric power systems have been based on the paradigm of large power generation
The results shows that the control system is very effective when compensating for balanced voltage sags, and voltage imbalances
Having shown the design of the overall control system, details are provided of a comprehensive simulation case: the DSTATCOM is initially connected to the grid; the control system of the voltage in the DC capacitor, the flying-capacitor converters (FC) voltage control and the controllers for the currents, id and iq, operate at this time, and the remaining controllers have not yet been connected
Summary
Electric power systems have been based on the paradigm of large power generation. This paradigm has become obsolete, due to the depletion of conventional fuel supplies, such as oil and coal, the increase of demand, the availability of competitive distributed energy sources integrated into the grid and environmental issues [1]. Microgrids can operate in an interconnected mode or in an islanded mode, and require power-electronic converters, due to the nature of most of the distributed energy sources [3]. The smart grid is expected to exhibit the following key characteristics: self-healing, consumer friendly, attack resistant, power quality improvement, capability to accommodate all generation and storage options, optimal asset for markets and efficient operation [1]
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