Abstract
Interference between ultrawideband (UWB) antennas and other narrowband communication systems has spurred growth in designing UWB antennas with notch characteristics and complicated designs consisting of irregular etched slots and larger physical size. This article presents a simplified notched design method for existing UWB antennas exhibiting four frequency-band-rejecting characteristics. The investigation has been conducted by introducing four semicircular U-shaped slot structures based on a theoretical formulation. The formulation is validated with the equivalent LC lumped parameters responsible for yielding the notched frequency. A novel feature of our approach is that the frequency notch can be adjusted to the desired values by changing the radial length based on the value calculated using a derived formula for each semietched U-slot, which is very simple in structure and design. Additionally, by introducing the rectangular notch at the ground plane, the upper passband spectrum is suppressed while maintaining the wide impedance bandwidth of the antenna applicable for next-generation wireless communications, 5G. The measured result shows that the antenna has a wide impedance bandwidth of 149% from 2.9 to 20 GHz, apart from the four-notched frequencies at 3.49, 3.92, 4.57, and 5.23 GHz for a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of <2 rejecting the Worldwide Interoperability for microwave Access (WiMAX) band at (3.38-3.7 GHz), the European C-band at (3.84-4.29 GHz), the Indian national satellite (INSAT) at (4.47-4.92 GHz), and wireless local area networks (WLANs) at (5.09-5.99 GHz). Measured and simulated experimental results reveal that the antenna exhibits nearly an omnidirectional pattern in the passband, low gain at the stopband, and good radiation efficiency within a frequency range. The LC equivalent notched frequency has been proposed by analyzing the L and C equivalent formula, and it has been validated with simulated and measured results. The measurement and simulated results correspond well at the LC equivalent notch band rejecting the existing narrowband systems.
Highlights
Modern wireless communication systems use the ultrawideband (UWB) system because of its advantages of smaller size, lesser complexity, and its provisioning for various service applications on different frequency bands with high-speed data rates and high time-domain resolution
As a remedy for this situation, in this paper, we present a new design approach of adding U-shaped etched slot structure based on formulated slot characteristics and LC equivalent notched frequency results for multiband rejection to the UWB antenna
When adding notch at the ground plain, it is seen that the effects on the notched frequency bands are negligible
Summary
Modern wireless communication systems use the ultrawideband (UWB) system because of its advantages of smaller size, lesser complexity, and its provisioning for various service applications on different frequency bands with high-speed data rates and high time-domain resolution. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation bands (e.g., the Worldwide Interoperability for microwave Access (WiMAX) operating at 3.3–3.6 GHz, the European C-band at 3.8–4.2 GHz, the Indian national satellite (INSAT) at 4.50–4.80 GHz, and wireless local area networks (WLANs) at 5.15-5.825 GHz) is inevitable. Solving this problem may give rise to complications of increased size and cost and insertion loss for the UWB system. As a remedy for this situation, in this paper, we present a new design approach of adding U-shaped etched slot structure based on formulated slot characteristics and LC equivalent notched frequency results for multiband rejection to the UWB antenna
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