Abstract
This paper introduces a negative group delay (NGD) theory of passive topology presenting “IL”-shape geometry. The two-port topology is comprised of a coupled line with an open- and stub-loaded terminations. After introduction of the electrical equivalent circuit, the S-parameter modeling of the IL topology is established. The transmission and reflection parameters are analytically expressed. The IL topology NGD characterization is developed in function of the design parameters. The relevance of the NGD theory is verified with fully distributed and compact prototypes implemented in microstrip technology. The tested results confirm the possibility to generate bandpass NGD function with IL topology. The calculated model, simulation and measurements are in very good correlation. Validation results showing center frequencies at about 1.55 GHz and 3.55 GHz with NGD level better than -1 ns over 30 MHz bandwidth. The IL NGD prototypes present transmission and reflection coefficients better than -3 dB and -10 dB, respectively.
Highlights
Behind the spectacular progress of radio frequency and microwave communication systems, the delay effects seem as an insurmountable performance limiting factor [1]–[4]
We are constantly wondering about the negative group delay (NGD) function design feasibility of simpler topology
The NGD analysis is elaborated in function of the IL topology parameters
Summary
Behind the spectacular progress of radio frequency and microwave communication systems, the delay effects seem as an insurmountable performance limiting factor [1]–[4]. A feedback delayed coupler based coupled lines is introduced in [38] All these NGD circuits operate with rather complex topology. We are constantly wondering about the NGD function design feasibility of simpler topology For this reason, we intuitively think on the direct transmission of coupled line topology. S-MATRIX ANALYTICAL MODELLING OF THE PROPOSED IL-SHAPE TOPOLOGY The analytical investigation is developed . This diagram consists of the coupled line black box and the stub TL input impedance Z. We obtain the following general expressions: S11
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