Abstract
This work concerns the study and the modeling of hybrid Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell electric vehicle. In fact, the paper deals with the model description of the powertrain which includes two energy sources: a PEM Fuel Cell as a primary source and a supercapacitor as a secondary source. The architecture is two degrees of freedom permitting a stability of the DC bus voltage. The hybridation of primary source with an energy storage system can improve vehicle dynamic response during transients and hydrogen consumption. The proposed energy management algorithm allows us to have a minimum hydrogen consumption. This algorithm is based on supercapacitor state of charge (SOC) control and acceleration/deceleration phases making possible braking energy recovery. The proposed model is simulated and tested using Matlab/Simulink software allowing rapid transitions between sources. The obtained results with the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) cycle demonstrate a 22% gain in hydrogen consumption.
Highlights
Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles are currently considered as solution to reduce the pollution in the sector of urban transportation
The Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle model was tested in Matlab/Simulink software with urban NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) driving cycle using the parameters given in tables 1, 2 and 3
The simulation results given in fig.9 show a good control of the state of charge of the supercapacitor while optimizing hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle
Summary
Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles are currently considered as solution to reduce the pollution in the sector of urban transportation. Integration of a bidirectional secondary source with PEM Fuel Cell like supercapacitors or battery allows reduction of fuel cell nominal power, minimizes hydrogen consumption and braking energy recovery [4].Many works are presented in literature where different topologies and strategies are discussed. N. Mebarki et al [6] proposed battery as a secondary source because of its higher specific energy. Mebarki et al [6] proposed battery as a secondary source because of its higher specific energy In this case, battery low power density may present some limitations in acceleration /deceleration phases. In this paper we present a simple energy management algorithm compared with other methods. This strategy allows simple implementation and good results especially with urban cycles.
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