Abstract
The Hyperloop has been developed using various technologies to reach a maximum speed of 1200 km/h. Such technologies include magnetic levitation technologies that are suitable for subsonic driving. In the Hyperloop, the null-flux electrodynamic suspension (EDS) system and superconducting magnets (SCMs) can perform stable levitation without control during high-speed driving. Although an EDS device can be accurately analyzed using numerical analysis methods, such as the 3D finite element method (FEM) or dynamic circuitry theory, its 3D configurations make it difficult to use in various design analyses. This paper presents a new design model that fast analyzes and compares many designs of null-flux EDS devices for the Hyperloop system. For a fast and effective evaluation of various levitation coil shapes and arrangements, the computational process of the induced electromotive force and the coupling effect were simplified using a 2D rectangular coil loop, and the induced current and force equations were written as closed-form solutions using the Fourier analysis. Also, levitation coils were designed, and their characteristics were analyzed and compared with each other. To validate the proposed model, the analyzed force responses for various driving conditions and the changed performance trend by design variables were compared with analyzed FEM results.
Highlights
There is a growing interest in the development of the Hyperloop, as it makes ground transportation possible at speeds of up to 1200 km/h [1,2,3]
To design electrodynamic suspension (EDS) devices suitable for the superconducting magnets (SCMs), as shown in Figure 10, the performance changes for the design variables were analyzed and discussed using the simplified levitation coil (SLC) model
The trend of the change in ke for the change in Nturn or Lzc can be analyzed by comparing the results shown in Figure 17a,b, respectively, where the coupling effect ke appears to increase with the increase in Nturn or the decrease in Lzc, as ke can be determined by the force differences of the finite element method (FEM) and the Ls applied SLC model
Summary
There is a growing interest in the development of the Hyperloop, as it makes ground transportation possible at speeds of up to 1200 km/h [1,2,3]. In order to achieve such subsonic driving speeds, reducing the air drag and friction resistances of the vehicles (or capsule trains) are the most significant challenges in Hyperloop systems. Several types of magnetic levitation systems are considered for removing the friction resistance, and EDS (electrodynamic suspension) has many advantages, such as stable levitation in high-speed driving without control and lightweight design without ferromagnetic materials. Among the EDS system types, the null-flux levitation with SCM (superconducting electromagnet) system, which is applied to commercialize magnetically levitated (Maglev) trains [6,7], is known for its low magnetic drag and good lift to drag ratio [8,9,10], and it can be one of the most appropriate levitation systems for the Hyperloop.
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