Design method and experiment of machinery for combined application of seed, fertilizer and herbicide

Xin Huang,Zhaodong Li,Liqing Chen,Weiwei Wang,Qingqing Wang,Cunxi Zhu

doi:10.25165/j.ijabe.20191204.4679

Abstract

This study aimed to resolve the problems of full wheat straw returning to the field, which might readily cause stalk obstruction, poor sowing quality, and serious weeds at the seedling stage, affecting the growth of maize. Based on the idea of “simultaneous seeding and spraying, closed weeding”, this paper presented a design method for designing a corn seed-fertilizer-herbicide simultaneous operation machine, which focuses on the design of vertical active straw-removing anti-blocking device mechanism, design of nozzle key parameters, nozzle selection, seeding monomer analysis and spatial layout design of seed-fertilizer-herbicide mechanism. In addition, the interrelated formulas were deduced and machine design and field experiment were conducted. The experiment results showed that the average variation coefficient of spray uniformity of machines was 17.70%. The post-experiment weed amount was 8.9%, which was lower than that before sowing, 8.5% lower than that before artificially closed weeding, and 14.3% lower than that in unenclosed weeding area. Moreover, the weeds were less in the working area of the machine, and the growth of corn was better. Compared with manual closed weeding, the average plant height uniformity and average stem diameter uniformity increased by 4.4% and 5.1%, respectively. Compared with unclosed weeding, the average plant height uniformity and average stem diameter uniformity increased by 18.3% and 10.8%, respectively. Overall, the rationality of the design method proposed in this paper was validated, and these can lay a foundation for the research and development of the same type of machine. Keywords: seed-fertilizer-herbicide, combined application, precision seeding machine, spray device, closed weeding DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20191204.4679 Citation: Huang X, Wang W W, Li Z D, Wang Q Q, Zhu C X, Chen L Q. Design method and experiment of machinery for combined application of seed, fertilizer and herbicide. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2019; 12(4): 63–71.

Highlights

Straw mulching offers advantages such as increasing soil fertility, retaining moisture and improving the air pollution caused by straw burning[1,2,3,4]
The results revealed that the spray uniformity was the best when the spray pressure was 0.3 MPa and the nozzle height was 500 mm. 3.3 Spatial position design method of seed-fertilizer- herbicide mechanism 3.3.1 Motion analysis of the seeding monomer
This study proposed a design method of maize seed-fertilizer-herbicide combined application machine and focused on the design of vertical active straw-removing anti-blocking device mechanism, design of nozzle key parameters, nozzle selection, seeding monomer analysis, and spatial layout design of seed-fertilizer-herbicide mechanism

Summary

Introduction

Straw mulching offers advantages such as increasing soil fertility, retaining moisture and improving the air pollution caused by straw burning[1,2,3,4]. Several domestic and foreign scholars have comprehensively investigated anti-blocking mechanism and weeding technology of maize no-tillage seeder. Qin et al [19] carried out a droplet deposition and efficiency study on the control of wheat powdery mildew using a small UAV by collecting droplet mulching in different canopy layers of wheat. Guo et al.[22] found that wheat straw mulching had a significant impact on weed germination and quantity in Maize fields, which controlled weed germination, and showed a good control effect. Aladesanwa et al.[23] studied the effect of sweet potato as a green plant mulch on grass control and yield of maize crops. Narrow equidistant planting could increase the yield of legume crops by 30%-70%, and inhibit the growth of weeds at the same time[24]

Objectives

Results

Discussion

Conclusion