Abstract
This work deals with experimental evaluation of thermo-hydraulic characteristics of silver-water nanofluids (at 0.1, 0.45, and 0.8 wt%) flow in a cylindrical microchannel heat sink under laminar flow regime. The experiments are performed at constant heat flux of 56.8 kW/m2 and Re is varied in a range between 400 and 1300. Furthermore, the nanofluid of 0.8 wt% at Re = 850 is found as the most efficient case with experimentally determined thermal performance factor (TPF) of about 1.35 where the Nusselt Number is predicted to enhance by approximately 67.1% compared to the base liquid. However, the pressure loss exerted by silver nanofluid at the optimum condition was found to be <0.2 bar. The results are statistically optimized based on response surface methodology (RSM) using a statistical software package (Design-Expert®) and it is clearly shown that Re has more dominant-positive effect on the local heat transfer coefficient in comparison with nanoparticle fraction. The optimized formula predicts the best thermal performance considering relative Nu and friction factor to be maximized and minimized, respectively. The optimum operating condition is found at Re≈848 and fraction of 0.8 wt% which is close to the above-mentioned experimental optimum point with an insignificant error of <3%.
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