Abstract
The concept of a smart city is one in which planners look beyond the traditional approach to city planning, finding ways to provide a place to live that is environmentally, economically, and socially sustainable in nature. Mobility is a key element to support this new approach in the growth of cities. Sustainable mobility is one of the most important design issues in a smart city, as it could produce high benefits for the quality of life of almost all the city stakeholders. Electric vehicles (EVs) play an important role in sustainable mobility. However, the naive inclusion of EVs in cities leads to several challenges, like increase in peak load, traffic congestion due to charging stations, etc. Hence, the proper design of charging infrastructure and its scheduling is needed to reduce the overall cost of electricity and transportation. This chapter provides the key components of different types of EVs. We will discuss the opportunities, challenges, benefits, and limitations accompanying EVs, and the different types of EVs based on different categories. Emphasis is also given to the impact of EVs on the power grid and to the different charging and scheduling methods for EVs. Finally, the design considerations and challenges associated with EVs are discussed.
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