Abstract
Monopole patch antenna systems, which can generate orbital angular momentum (OAM) waves at 2.4GHz, are proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna systems have advantages of simple planar structure and small size of antenna element. Design, simulation, fabrication and measurement of the proposed antenna systems are presented. Two feeding networks, which constitute the proposed antenna systems with monopole patch antenna array, are designed to generate modes 1 and 2 of OAM waves. The antenna systems for both modes are shown to be effective in generating OAM waves of modes 1 and 2 from both simulation and three types of measurement: radiation pattern, phase distribution and phase gradient. Simulation and measurement results of radiation pattern and phase distribution have shown very close results. Phase gradient measurement results has verified that the generated waves from the antenna systems are indeed OAM waves.
Highlights
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) waves have been employed in many different applications, such as wireless communications,[1,2] quantum state manipulation[3] and electromagnetic vortex imaging.[4,5]
orbital angular momentum (OAM), which is a basic physical property of electromagnetic (EM) waves,[6] did not attract attention until 1992 when Allen et al demonstrated that Laguerre Gaussian (LG) spiral light waves carry a phase factor ejlφ, where l is the topological charge and called OAM mode.[7]
Simulation and measurement of radiation pattern, phase distribution and phase gradient experiment are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed antenna systems in generating OAM waves
Summary
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) waves have been employed in many different applications, such as wireless communications,[1,2] quantum state manipulation[3] and electromagnetic vortex imaging.[4,5] Among these applications, OAM waves in improving channel capacity have attracted extensive attention. Including the Vivaldi antenna array,[24] patch antenna array,[25,26] slot antenna array[27,28] and circular time-switched antenna array.[29] In order to make OAM be widely used, OAM antennas are expected to have the characteristics of simple structure and small size Among these antennas, patch antenna arrays in references 25,26 have simple planar structure, but the number of antenna elements is limited in a given size due to the geometry of patch antenna. The monopole patch antenna systems, composed of an antenna array and the feeding networks, can transmit chosen modes of OAM waves. Simulation and measurement of radiation pattern, phase distribution and phase gradient experiment are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed antenna systems in generating OAM waves
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