Abstract
Light scattering by non-spherical particles is an important factor influencing atmospheric radiative transfer. To accurately simulate the scattering properties of non-spherical particles, the Invariant Imbedded T-matrix method (IIM T-Matrix) is developed by combining the Lorenz–Mie theory and invariant imbedding technique. In this model, the non-spherical particle is regarded as an inhomogeneous sphere and discretized into multiple spherical layers in the spherical coordinate system. The T-matrix of the inscribed sphere is firstly calculated by the Lorenz–Mie theory, and then taking it as the initial value, the T-matrix is updated layer by layer by using the invariant imbedding technique. To improve the computational efficiency, the model is further parallelized by the OpenMP technique. To verify the simulation accuracy of the IIM T-Matrix method, the results of the model are compared with those of the EBCM (Extended Boundary Condition Method) T-Matrix method, DDA (Discrete Dipole Approximation) and MRTD (Multi-Resolution Time Domain). The results show that the scattering phase matrix simulated by the IIM T-Matrix method closely agrees with that of the well-tested models, indicating that the IIM T-Matrix method is a powerful tool for the light scattering simulation of non-spherical particles. Since the IIM T-Matrix method is derived from the volume integral equation, compared to the T-Matrix method which is based on surface integral principles (i.e., “EBCM” or the “null field method”), it can be applied to the scattering calculations of particle with arbitrary shapes and inhomogeneous compositions, which can greatly expand the application scope of the T-Matrix method.
Highlights
IntroductionThe light scattering and absorption by non-spherical particles (such as ice crystals, dust aerosols, etc.) plays an important role in the atmospheric radiative transfer [1,2,3,4]
The light scattering and absorption by non-spherical particles plays an important role in the atmospheric radiative transfer [1,2,3,4]
T-matrix model is implemented in Fortran95, and to improve modeling invariantimbedded imbedded is implemented in Fortran95, and to the improve the efficiency, the model is further parallelized by the is a multi-threading modeling efficiency, the model is further parallelized by the OpenMP technique (OpenMP is a multiimplementation technique that allowsthat the compiler generate to code for taskcode and for datatask parallelism)
Summary
The light scattering and absorption by non-spherical particles (such as ice crystals, dust aerosols, etc.) plays an important role in the atmospheric radiative transfer [1,2,3,4]. Method (EBCM, known as the “null-field method”) [29,30] Though these models are very efficient at calculating light scattering by particles with ideal morphologies, like spheres, spheroids, and cylinders [18,31,32], they generally have limited applicability to the irregularly shaped aerosol and ice crystal particles [15]. In order to obtain the T-matrix of the particles with irregular shapes, Yang and Bi applied the Invariant Imbedding (IIM) T-Matrix method to the light scattering calculation [31,37,38]. With the development of computer technology, Bi rewrote the T-matrix model by combining the invariant embedding technique with the separation of variables method (SOV) and the EBCM method By using this model, can the light scattering by particles with arbitrary shapes and large sizes be effectively simulated, and, the computations can be performed with a high efficiency.
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