Abstract
This study presents a tangential-axial flow picking device for peanut combine harvesting. The device was designed with reference to the tangential-axial flow threshing mechanism of the grain combine harvesters. The main purpose of this study was to solve the problem of the high rate of loss and damage in the picking operation of the peanut combine harvesters in China. Through the theoretical analysis and design calculation of the key components of the peanut picking device, the structural and working parameters were determined. The orthogonal test was carried out by taking the feeding amount of the peanut plant, the picking clearance, the speed of the tangential cylinder, and the speed of the axial cylinder as the test factors. Additionally, the non-picking loss rate, entrainment loss rate, and damage rate of the peanut pods were used as the test indexes. The test results were analyzed by range analysis and analysis of variance, and the test parameters were optimized by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The optimal parameter combination for the tangential-axial flow picking device was determined as follows. The feeding amount of the peanut plant was 2 kg/s, the picking clearance was 35 mm, the speed of the tangential cylinder was 360 r/min, the speed of the axial cylinder was 425 r/min. At this time, the non-picking loss rate was 0.52%, the entrainment loss rate was 0.54%, and the damage rate was 0.75%. The test results fully met the standard requirements of the peanut picking operation. This research provides a technical basis for the application of the tangential-axial flow picking device in peanut combine harvesters.
Highlights
It is necessary to develop a new type of highquality and low-loss picking device according to the factors such as the cultivated varieties, planting mode, and harvest characteristics in the main peanut producing areas in China, so as to meet the needs of efficient peanut harvest
The feeding amount of the peanut plant, the picking clearance, the the speed the tangential cylinder, the of speed of the axial cylinder were as speed of the of tangential cylinder, and theand speed the axial cylinder were taken astaken the test the test factors
The peanut picking performance was studied under different different combinations of the feeding amount of 1.5–3.0 kg/s, the picking clearance of combinations of the feeding amount of 1.5–3.0 kg/s, the picking clearance of 25–40 mm, 25–40 mm, the speed of the tangential cylinder of 360–420 r/min, and the speed of the axial the speed of the tangential cylinder of 360–420 r/min, and the speed of the axial cylinder cylinder of 400–475 r/min
Summary
With the development of the large-scale peanut planting in Huang-Huai-Hai region and Northeast of China, and the increasingly prominent problems such as labor shortage and difficulty in hiring workers in peanut harvest season, farmers engaged in peanut planting urgently need machinery that can realize peanut harvest with high quality and high efficiency [2]. The peanut combine harvester can complete a series of operations such as pick-up, picking, cleaning, and collecting at one time, which can effectively reduce the labor intensity and improve productivity. It has become an important direction in the research and development of peanut harvesting machinery in China at present and in the future [3]
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