Design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease inhibitors. Novel tetrahydrofuran P2/P2′-groups interacting with Asp29/30 of the HIV-1 protease. Determination of binding from X-ray crystal structure of inhibitor protease complex

Abstract

A series of HIV-1 protease inhibitors having new tetrahydrofuran P2/P2′ groups have been synthesised and tested for protease inhibition and antiviral activity. Six novel 4-aminotetrahydrofuran derivatives were prepared starting from commercially available isopropylidene-α- d-xylofuranose yielding six symmetrical and six unsymmetrical inhibitors. Promising sub nanomolar HIV-1 protease inhibitory activities were obtained. The X-ray crystal structure of the most potent inhibitor ( 23, K i 0.25 nM) co-crystallised with HIV-1 protease is discussed and the binding compared with inhibitors 1a and 1b.