Abstract
A series of Brønsted-Lewis acidic tetraimidazolyl ionic liquids ([TeimILs]) were designed and synthesized by introducing Brønsted acid (-SO3H) in the cation and Lewis acid (AlCl3) in the anion. Among them, [Teim-PS][AlCl4]4 exhibited good catalytic performance in the conversion of glucose to 5-HMF in the biphasic system of H2O: 1-octanol= 1:2, and the conversion of glucose and the yield of 5-HMF can reach 95.4 % and 71.3 %, respectively. [Teim-PS][AlCl4]4 as the catalyst can be reused at least six times, the yield of 5-HMF does not decrease significantly. The biphasic system was beneficial for the recycling of [Teim-PS][AlCl4]4 and the separation of 5-HMF. The catalytic system also has good applicability to the degradation of other carbohydrate compounds. In addition, the kinetic analysis was performed on the catalytic system, and its activation energy was only 49.98 KJ/mol. This work provides a new solution for the efficient and green conversion of glucose to 5-HMF.
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