Design and Simulation of Miniaturization of Triangular Shape Dielectric Resonator Antenna Using AMC Surface for 5G Applications

Abstract

A Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) is a radio antenna. It is built up of ceramic material into blocks of various forms and is generally suitable at frequencies larger than 1 GHz (microwave frequencies and higher than microwave frequencies). Using this Dielectric Resonator Antenna, the operating frequency is achieved at 4.8GHz for 5G applications like IOT (Internet of Things), AI (Artificial Intelligence). Here, artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) surface is used to miniaturize a triangular shaped Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA). There are nine tiny copper patches forms the Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) surface having gap of 1.5mm between the patches. AMC is installed on FR4 substrate which has dielectric constant as 4.4. On the AMC surface, a Dielectric Resonator (DR) of dielectric constant 2.2 is placed. The surface of the Artificial Magnetic Conductor is shorted with ground metal using tiny metallic vias. Antenna characteristics such as antenna gain, resonant frequency, and efficiency will not be affected due to the usage of Dielectric Resonator. As a result, the overall volume of DRA is significantly diminishing. There are three primary aspects in this design: (a) Impedance matching using a Parasitic Metallic Strip (b) Design miniaturisation with an AMC surface (c) Simple microstrip line Feeding. Overall volume of Dielectric Resonator Antenna size reduced by 85%. In addition, when compared to the original Dielectric Resonator Antenna without the surface of Artificial Magnetic Conductor, the ground surface is lowered by 15.5 percent.