Abstract
Design and implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) systems require platforms with smart things and components. Two dominant architectural approaches for developing IoT systems are mashup-based and model-based approaches. Mashup approaches use existing services and are mainly suitable for less critical, personalized applications. Web development tools are widely used in mashup approaches. Model-based techniques describe a system on a higher level of abstraction, resulting in very expressive modelling of systems. The article uses Cisco packet tracer 7.2 version, which consists of four subcategories of smart things—home, smart city, industrial and power grid, to design an IoT based control system for a fertilizer manufacturing plant. The packet tracer also consists of boards—microcontrollers (MCU-PT), and single boarded computers (SBC-PT), as well as actuators and sensors. The model facilitates flexible communication opportunities among things—machines, databases, and Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs). Implementation of the IoT system brings finer process control as the operating conditions are monitored online and are broadcasted to all stakeholders in real-time for quicker action on deviations. The model developed focuses on three process plants; steam raising, nitric acid, and ammonium nitrate plants. Key process parameters are saturated steam temperature, fuel flowrates, CO and SOx emissions, converter head temperature, NOx emissions, neutralisation temperature, solution temperature, and evaporator steam pressure. The parameters need to be monitored in order to ensure quality, safety, and efficiency. Through the Cisco packet tracer platform, a use case, physical layout, network layout, IoT layout, configuration, and simulation interface were developed.
Highlights
Internet of things (IoT) and Internet of Services (IoS) concepts are a major part of the broad industry 4.0 technologies
The article uses Cisco packet tracer 7.2 version, which consists of four subcategories of smart things—home, smart city, industrial and power grid, to design an Internet of Things (IoT) based control system for a fertilizer manufacturing plant
The focus of the study is to automate the factory process systems and implement an IoT system to help manage the process for better process control and monitoring of key parameters through the use of smart wireless sensors which are able to communicate to the internet
Summary
Internet of things (IoT) and Internet of Services (IoS) concepts are a major part of the broad industry 4.0 technologies. These interconnected things and services enable modern smart factories and integrated value chains to function optimally. Ubiquitous cloud services enable the deployment of IoT applications anywhere and offer complete control. IoT technologies such as RFID, wired and wireless sensor networks, and embedded systems enable the digitization and virtualization of shared resources and capabilities in the services and manufacturing industries for access through the cloud. Mell and Grance [5] define Cloud Computing (CC) as a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. Today’s business space is characterized by smart environments/spaces and self-aware things such as smart transport, products, cities, buildings, rural areas, energy, health systems, wholesale and retail outlets
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