Design and Simulation of Innovative QCA Quaternary Logic Gates

Abstract

AbstractThis paper proposes a new cell configuration for quaternary Quantum Cellular Automata (QQCA) based on the calculation of polarization. The proposed QQCA cell is based on a three‐particle system that creates instability within a cell in the gate design. Therefore, a single‐particle system or binary QCA (bQCA) technology and a two‐particle system or Ternary QCA (TQCA) technology have been used to implement quaternary logic. The proposed cell can be implemented in two layers or in one, using input and output drives. According to the dimensions of the proposed model for QQCA and simulation of basic gates, designing with this cell is quite optimal; it requires five cells in the design of the AND and OR gates and two cells in the design of the NOT gate. Based on the number of cells used in the basic gates, the total area in the AND and OR gates is 576 × 10−6 µm2 and in the NOT gate is 276 × 10−6 µm2. The base gates are fully optimized and latency is equal to 0.25 clockcycle or 0.25 × 10−12s, which is reduced in comparison with prior works. Also, the power consumption of a cell in terms of quantum calculation and the proposed model is also investigated.