Design and real-time implementation of hybrid fractional order controller for grid connected wind energy conversion system

Abstract

This paper focuses on the design and real-time implementation of a hybrid fractional order controller (HFC) for a grid connected variable speed wind energy conversion system (WECS). The HFC was integrated to current vector control and direct current control (DCC) to guarantee maximum power extraction and ensuring unity power factor of the grid side. The proposed HFC employs a conventional PI controller, a fractional order PI controller (FO-PI), and a switching algorithm (SA). The parameters of the HFC were calculated using frequency method then adjusted by employing a PSO algorithm. To evaluate the performance of the proposed controller, an experimental test bench has been built in the laboratory using dSPACE1104 card. The WECS contains a wind turbine emulator and permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) feed a nonlinear load and has been connected to the grid via back-to-back converters. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed controller over integer order controllers in steady and transient states by realising maximum power extraction and improving the grid-side power factor.