Abstract
To develop high-temperature structural materials with broadband microwave transmission ability used for high-speed aircraft radome, a sandwich-structured silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramic consisting of porous core and dense shell is designed based on CST simulation, which helps to obtain the optimized structural and dielectric properties. After that, its near-net-shape preparation strategy is presented by a controllable combined process including gel-casting (GC), polymer infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP), and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The mechanical and electromagnetic performances were studied. The results show that the optimally-structured sandwich Si3N4 processes a flexural strength of 216.5 MPa and a microwave transmissivity of 80 % in 2–13.4 GHz, which are obviously higher than that of traditional Si3N4 ceramics. Besides, this sandwich-structured Si3N4 ceramics also shows excellent dielectric and mechanical stabilities after a high-temperature oxidization at 1600 °C for 2 h in air atmosphere. Our prepared Si3N4 ceramics achieves excellent mechanical strength, high microwave transmissivity, and good high temperature stability, indicating a great application potential as high-speed aircraft radome materials.
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