Abstract
The gyrotron travelling wave tube (gyro-TWT) is an ideal high-power, broadband vacuum electron amplifier in millimeter and sub-millimeter wave bands. It can be applied as the source of the imaging radar to improve the resolution and operating range. To satisfy the requirements of the W-band high-resolution imaging radar, the design and the experimentation of the W-band broadband TE02 mode gyro-TWT were carried out. In this paper, the designs of the key components of the vacuum tube are introduced, including the interaction area, electron optical system, and transmission system. The experimental results show that when the duty ratio is 1%, the output power is above 60 kW with a bandwidth of 8 GHz, and the saturated gain is above 32 dB. In addition, parasitic mode oscillations were observed in the experiment, which limited the increase in duty ratio and caused the measured gains to be much lower than the simulation results. For this phenomenon, the reasons and the suppression methods are under study.
Highlights
In W-band, the high-power, high-resolution imaging radar plays an important role in the applications of satellite imaging and deep space detection
A Haystack Ultra-wideband Satellite Imaging Radar (HUSIR) has been developed in the United States, in which a W-band gyro-TWT has been used as a part of the amplification link [6,7]
Reviewing the previous experiment results of the W-band gyro-TWT [8,9,10,11,12,13], all the designs adopt the fundamental harmonic of the TE01 cylindrical waveguide mode as the operating mode, because of its high beam–wave interaction efficiency
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The gyro-TWT is a vacuum electron amplifier based on the principle of the relativistic electron cyclotron maser It can be used as the source to generate the high-power (kW levels) and broadband RF output in millimeter and sub-millimeter wave bands [1,2,3,4,5]. At. UESTC (University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), the periodic lossy circuit has been applied to the interaction region with an output power of 112 kW and a bandwidth of 3.8 GHz being achieved in the experiment [19,20]. Improvement of the electron beam transmission and the output power capacity is very difficult To solve this problem, a fundamental harmonic of the TE02 cylindrical waveguide mode has been applied as the operating mode in our recent design.
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