Design and Performance Investigation of a Solar- Powered Biological Greywater Treatment System in the Iraqi Climate

Hashim A Mahdi,Hassan Naji Salman Al-Joboory,Alia A Hameed,Akram G Abdula,Aseel K Rasheed

doi:10.21123/bsj.2022.19.3.0670

Abstract

The increase in population resulted in an increase in the consumption of water. The present work investigates the performance of a recycling solar- powered greywater treatment system for the purposes of irrigation, used to reduce the amount of waste grey water and reduce electricity consumption and reduce the costs of constructing large scale water treatment plants. The system consumes about 3814W per hour and provides water treatment about 1.4 m3 per day. The proposed system is designed to residential, office and governmental buildings application. Tests are conducted in an office building at the Ministry of Science and Technology site in Baghdad. Laboratorial water samples testing analyses are conducted for measuring the COD, BOD5, TDS, NH4, NO3-TN, TOC, TSS, pH and oil and grease content according to the Iraqi standards. Test results revealed a huge decrease in the values of BOD5 and COD for readings for every15 days and for a period of 5 months by removing rate more than 90% and also noting the values of TOC by removing about 80%, this indicates that the results of Laboratory testing have proved the success of the treatment process. The research is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical one includes choosing the type and size of the equipment and the required tools for the treatment system. While the practical one covers implementing a laboratory-scale system for the proposed treatment system and conducting experiments and laboratory analyses of greywater samples. Top of Form

Highlights

Iraq suffers from many challenges that must be overcome to meet future increases in electrical demands and water, just as dangerous atmospheric deviation and poor administration
Laboratory testing for concentrations of pollution in greywater samples before and after treatment are shown in Tables 4, 5 and 6
It can be noted that the average BOD5 / Chemical oxygen demand (COD) ratios is about 30% in greywater, the possible explanation of this ratio can be the high amount of surfactants present in the influent and proves the need 4 to 5 days to the digestion of complex materials such as organic and inorganic compounds and to be ready to anaerobic treatment, ratio rising to 70% after an anaerobic treatment, which means removal 70% of COD at different loading rates of organic and completed the process of digestion

Summary

Introduction

Iraq suffers from many challenges that must be overcome to meet future increases in electrical demands and water, just as dangerous atmospheric deviation and poor administration. Biological treatment(especially, activated sludge process) is a very effective way of treating municipal and various types of industrial wastewaters with successful application at tropical and semi-tropical climates to change complex organic particles found in the wastewater into simple molecules and biomass[5,6]. They found that wastewater treatment was to be a feasible treatment technology by hybrid biological system constituting both anaerobic, aerobic, and proved successful for waste water. The standard concentration of pollutants (COD, BOD5, TDS, NH4, NH3-N, TSS) in water to irrigation according to Iraqi standard specification 4260 in 2012 is shown Table 1

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Conclusion