Design and Performance Improvement of Optical Chemical Sensor Based Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) in the Terahertz (THz) Wave Propagation

Abstract

A heptagonal cladding (HC) with the rotated-hexacore (RH) in photonic crystal fiber (H-PCF) has been made for the field of chemical sensing in the terahertz (THz) area. There are five layers of circular air holes (CAH) in the heptagonal cladding region and two layers of rotated-hexa of CAH in the area of the core that have been second hand to enterprise this PCF. This suggested H-PCF, a full-vectorial finite element method (FEM) and perfectly matched layers (PML) boundary condition has been utilized based on a software instrument. After simulation results, the proposed sensor displays the relative sensitivity (RS) 68.48%, 69.20%, 66.78% and the confinement losses (CL) are 2.13 × 10−09 dB/m, 1.92 × 10−09 dB/m and 2.70 × 10−06 dB/m for focused analytics Ethanol (n = 1.354), Benzene (n = 1.366) and Water (n = 1.330) independently at 1 THz frequency regime. We have also discussed total power fraction, effective mode index, and effective area elaborately here. However, our proposed H-PCF is suitable for the user such as in chemical sensors as well as in many diverse industrial and medical areas.