Design and optimization of nonlinear component of block cipher: Applications to multimedia security

Abstract

Nowadays, various image encryption schemes based on chaotic systems have been developed, each of them has its own limitations and strength in terms of security and computational speed. The proposed image encryption scheme utilizes 2-D maps without disturbing their mathematical structure, characterized by topological features such as chaotic behavior and fractal properties, namely the Zaslavasky, Bakers, and Henon Maps. This approach utilizes both confusion and diffusion stages to achieve high levels of security against various attacks. The confusion stage utilizes chaotic values to muddle the rows and columns of the image, reducing the correlations between neighboring pixels, while the diffusion step achieves the avalanche effect with 2D Bakers map and Henon map. The proposed image encryption scheme is analyzed thoroughly to evaluate its security and performance. To evaluate the security and computational efficiency of the proposed image encryption method, various analysis such as correlation, contrast, entropy, energy, homogeneity, and performance analyses are conducted. Moreover, the three proposed S-boxes are also tested to evaluate their effectiveness using cryptographic analysis tests such as nonlinearity, strict Avalanche criterion, differential probability, linear probability, and bit independence criterion, which we also utilized in our proposed image encryption scheme.