Design and optimization of new hybrid fractal tree antenna

Abstract

An optimized design of printed hybrid fractal tree (PHFT) antenna based on binary fractal tree geometry is presented and discussed. In this paper miniaturization has been achieved by inserting a modified Koch curve in the conventional fractal binary tree. A comparative study shows that the new antenna provides 6.87% increase in radiation efficiency and 2.57% increase in antenna efficiency than conventional fractal tree antenna designed with similar dimensions. The geometrical descriptors of the proposed antenna have been synthesized using Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for optimizing the values of electrical parameters within specifications. A performance comparison have also been done for both of these computational techniques which reveals that BFO gives better results in terms of accuracy than PSO for required working frequencies (5.2 GHz and 10.6 GHz). Representative results of optimized PHFT antenna for both simulations and experimental validations are reported in order to access the effectiveness of the developed approach for reliable implementation in wireless telemedicine applications.