Design and Operational Considerations for Unsupported Offshore Pipeline Spans

Abstract

Summary Design and operational considerations have been examined in determining the significance of unsupported offshore pipeline spans that may develop during pipeline installation or field operation. Allowable unsupported span lengths determined during design are generally based on strict code compliance and a design foundation encompassing the worst possible environmental and operational loads. During operation, however, unsupported spans develop beyond the allowable limits, perhaps as a result of various unforeseen local conditions. Applying original design criteria is likely to result in cost-prohibitive repair predictions, while lack of action may result in loss of production. Without the design code requirements of an existing or a proposed pipeline system being violated, realistically safe design can be approached through evaluation of the sensitivity of the key design parameters. Priorities for remedial repair of the unsupported spans can be established for the pipelines in service while operating constraints, budget, and schedule are recognized. On the basis of periodic surveys, properly formatted survey data, and reanalysis of the design parameters, pipeline span repair cost estimates and schedules can be appreciably reduced. Similar principles can be applied to a pipeline in planning and design stages to ensure a safe operating design and to eliminate an uneconomically conservative design. These design and operational considerations are illustrated through a case study.