Design and modeling of compact phase shifter based on graphene electro-refraction effects

Abstract

By exploiting the electro-refraction effect of graphene, we present a graphene-based compact phase shifter. The waveguide structure consists of a silica substrate, a high index silicon (Si) vertical slot waveguide, a Si3N4 dielectric spacer, two graphene layers, and two metal electrodes. The phase shifter performance is comprehensively studied in terms of working range, insertion loss, bandwidth, and V2π for transverse magnetic and transverse electric modes. The obtained results show a linear relationship between the applied voltage and phase shift.