Abstract
Since Dr. Kao predicted in 1966 that silica glass fiber could achieve the transmission loss of below 20 dB/km for optical communication use, remarkable progress has been made for realizing optical fibers with lower losses. Today, record-low loss of 0.14 dB/km has been realized by using matured pure silica core fiber (PSCF) technologies to reduce the Rayleigh scattering in silica glass. The latest PSCFs also have low nonlinearities with the enlarged effective area of up to 150 µm2, which is enabled by appropriately designed refractive index profiles and advanced polymer coatings. PSCFs with ultra-low loss and low nonlinearity can contribute to high optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) performances in long haul digital coherent transmission systems such as transoceanic submarine systems and/or terrestrial backbone links.
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