Abstract
For the tracking of high-dynamic satellite navigation signals, the conventional scalar tracking loop (STL) is vulnerable. Frequent signal-tracking interruption affects the continuity of navigation. The vector tracking loop (VTL) can overcome this disadvantage. However, there are some difficulties in implementing existing vector tracking methods on a real-time hardware receiver, such as the synchronization problem and computation load. This paper proposes an implementation framework of VTL based on a partial open-loop numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) control mode that can be implemented with minor modifications on an existing receiver platform. The structure of VTL, the design of the navigation filter, and the key points of hardware implementation are introduced in detail. Lastly, the VTL performance was verified by a GPS simulator test. The results show that the proposed VTL can run in real-time and be significantly improved in the tracking continuity of high-dynamic signals, tracking sensitivity, positioning accuracy, and recovery time for interrupted signals compared with those of STL.
Highlights
Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are widely used in positioning and navigation tasks for artificial flight vehicles as a high-availability, high-precision, and low-cost positioning technology
GNSS signal simulator is efficient equipment to test a GNSS receiver, which can accurately and repeatedly generate GNSS signals received by a custom motion vehicle in a laboratory
Two highdynamic scenarios were set up to verify the performance of vector tracking loop (VTL), an ultrahigh-dynamic scenario, and a normal high-dynamic scenario
Summary
Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are widely used in positioning and navigation tasks for artificial flight vehicles as a high-availability, high-precision, and low-cost positioning technology Some of these vehicles have high velocity and acceleration, such as missiles, rockets, and hypersonic aircraft. There are three main factors affecting the high-dynamic performance of a receiver: Loop filter characteristics, oscillator noise, and oscillator vibration sensitivity [2]. The latter two can be improved on the hardware-design level [3], but the first needs to be improved on the software and algorithmic levels, which are the focus of this paper. There are many proposed methods on how to achieve high-dynamic signal tracking, such as second-order frequency lock loop (FLL) assisted third-order phase lock loop (PLL) [4], Kalman filterbased [5], maximum likelihood-based [6], and fractional Fourier transform-based [7,8]
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