Design and Implementation of an IoT Based Patient's Health Monitoring System

Abstract

This paper presents an Internet of Things (IoT) based patient's health monitoring system that can be given to patients, especially in remote areas from the hospitals. This system is built around Node MCU (ESP8266) which is used to control the activities of the system. The microcontroller is interfaced to MLX90614 which is the contactless infrared (IR) temperature sensor and MAX30101 which is the High-Sensitivity Pulse Oximeter and Heart Rate Sensor. The software implementation involves the programming of the microcontroller in Arduino IDE environment and the setting up of the Blynk cloud platform for receiving data from the system. This data can be accessed remotely in the Blynk platform through internet connection. The results obtained show that the system performed optimally as the percentage error margin in readings obtained from the system for body temperature, heart rate (pulse rate), and blood Oxygen level when compared with commercially available health measuring devices show a maximum percentage error of 3.51 in heart rate and a minimum percentage error of - 3.42 in body temperature. Again, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) for body temperature, heart rate (pulse rate), and blood Oxygen level when compared with commercially available health measuring devices are 0.351, 0.935, and 2.503 respectively. These values are less than the 2% stipulated by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requirement of root mean square accuracy for pulse oximeters, and the percentage error values in this work are less than ±5% for oximeter. This means that the system is reliable.