Abstract
We designed and developed a 24 GHz surveillance FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) radar with a software-reconfigurable baseband. The developed radar system consists of transceiver, two selectable transmit antennas, eight parallel receive antennas, and a back-end module for data logging and to control the transceiver. The architecture of the developed radar system can support various waveforms, gain control of receive amplifiers, and allow the selection of two transmit antennas. To do this, we implemented the transceiver using a frequency synthesizer device and a two-step VGA (Variable Gain Amplifier) along with switch-controlled transmit antennas. To support high speed implementation features along with good flexibility, we developed a back-end module based on a FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) with a parallel architecture for the real-time data logging of the beat signals received from a multichannel 24 GHz transceiver. To verify the feasibility of the developed radar system, signal processing algorithms were implemented on a host PC. All measurements were carried out in an anechoic chamber to extract a 3D range-Doppler-angle map and target detections. We expect that the developed software-reconfigurable radar system will be useful in various surveillance applications.
Highlights
In recent years, radar systems have been widely used in various applications, such as defense, automotive, shipping, security, traffic, the medical field, and sports, as radar sensors guarantee system reliability irrespective of environmental factors such as weather and/or light conditions [1]
We developed a 24 GHz FMCW surveillance FMCW radar system with a software-reconfigurable baseband
The developed radar system is divided into a front-end module and back-end module
Summary
Radar systems have been widely used in various applications, such as defense, automotive, shipping, security, traffic, the medical field, and sports, as radar sensors guarantee system reliability irrespective of environmental factors such as weather and/or light conditions [1]. SDR-based combination of a FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) and CW radar frontend module was developed [9]. In this radar front-end module, the user can control the transmit waveform thorough a DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer) chip for surveillance radar applications with precise range measurement requirements. A DAC (Digital Analog Converter) in the back-end module directly controls VCO input voltage to generate a frequency modulation wave In this case, owing to the VCO tuning characteristics, we cannot generate a linear FMCW transmit signal. The VCO direct controlled architecture cannot support the fast-ramp based FMCW radar used in this paper, which is a very effective method when used to detect a moving target in a cluttered environment.
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